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Proposal Draft 1

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  1.0  Introduction  This report has been developed in response to the request for proposals on developing solutions for engineering problems. This report aims at determining the suitability of using waste plastic materials as modifiers in bituminous road pavement construction. 1.1 Background information  1.1.1 Plastic Waste  Plastic is a very versatile material. Due to the industrial revolution, and its large scale production plastic seemed to be a cheaper and effective raw material. Today, every vital sector of the economy starting from agriculture to packaging, automobile, electronics, building construction, communication sector has been virtually revolutionized by the application of plastic. Plastic is a non-biodegradable material and researchers found that the material can remain on earth for 4500 years without degradation. The growth in various types of industries together with population growth has resulted in an enormous increase in production of various...

Summary: Reader Response

T he article “PUB Singapore's Water Story” by the Public Utilities Board (PUB) (2020), reports that there should be a well established water infrastructure, as the water demand for the citizens is expected to double by 2060. PUB is initiating a few strategies to aid the demand, which is “collect every drop of water, reuse water endlessly, and desalinate seawater”. For that matter; imported water, local catchments, NEWater, a subsidiary of PUB, as well as desalinated water, are two of the national taps that provide the country with the supply of water. Local catchments, under PUB’s Programmes, play a part in engaging the citizens to have closer proximity with water, and learn to appreciate the finite supply. As the Singapore-Malaysia water agreement is set to expire in 2061, focusing on local catchments is crucial. Based on the article, NEWater and Desalination plants will be the main solutions to solve the water shortage in Singapore, although PUB has failed to mention the potentia...

Reader Response Draft 2

  The article “PUB Singapore's Water Story” by the Public Utilities Board (PUB) (2020), reports that there should be a well established water infrastructure, as the water demand for the citizens is expected to double by 2060. PUB is initiating a few strategies to aid the demand, which is “collect every drop of water, reuse water endlessly, and desalinate seawater”. For that matter; imported water, local catchments, NEWater and desalinated water are the national taps that provide the country with the supply of water. Local catchments, under PUB’s Programmes , play a part in engaging the citizens to have closer proximity with water, and learn to appreciate the finite supply. As the Singapore-Malaysia water agreement is set to expire in 2061, focusing on local catchments is crucial. Based on the article. Singapore will be heavily reliant on NEWater and Desalination plants to solve the water shortage, but PUB has failed to mention the potential problems that can be caused, such as thes...

Reader Response Draft 1

  The article “PUB Singapore's Water Story” by the Public Utilities Board (PUB) (2020), reports that there should be a well established water infrastructure, as the water demand for the citizens is expected to double by 2060. PUB is initiating a few strategies to aid the demand, which is “collect every drop of water, reuse water endlessly, and desalinate seawater”. For that matter; imported water, local catchments, NEWater and desalinated water are the national taps that provide the country with the supply of water. Local catchments, under PUB’s  programmes, play a part in engaging the citizens to have closer proximity with water, and learn to appreciate the finite supply. As the Singapore-Malaysia water agreement is set to expire in 2061, focusing on local catchments is crucial. Based on the points elaborated in the article. Singapore will be heavily reliant on 2 of the national taps, NEWater and Desalination plants, in the near future due to the water demand. Although detail...

Summary Draft 3

The article “PUB Singapore's Water Story” by the Public Utilities Board (PUB) (2020), reports that there should be a well established water infrastructure, as the water demand for the citizens is expected to double by 2060. PUB is initiating a few strategies to aid the demand, which is “collect every drop of water, reuse water endlessly, and desalinate seawater”. For that matter; imported water, local catchments, NEWater and desalinated water are the national taps that provide the country with the supply of water. Local catchments, under PUB’s  programmes, play a part in engaging the citizens to have closer proximity with water, and learn to appreciate the finite supply. As the Singapore-Malaysia water agreement is set to expire in 2061, focusing on local catchments is crucial.

Summary Draft 2

In the article, “PUB Singapore's Water Story” on the Public Utilities Board (PUB) website (2020), states that Singapore should establish a well organised water infrastructure within the coming years. As the water demand for the citizens is expected to double by 2060, PUB is initiating a few strategies to aid with the demand. The strategies are; "collect every drop of water, reuse water endlessly, and desalinate seawater". Not only that, but imported water, local catchments, NEWater and desalinated water are the national taps that provide the country with the supply of water. As the Singapore-Malaysia water agreement is set to expire in 2061, focusing on ways to maiximise the use of local catchments is crucial. These local catchments, under PUB’s p rogrammes , also play a part in engaging the citizens to have closer proximity with water, and learn to appreciate the finite supply.

Summary Draft 1

  In the article, “PUB Singapore's Water Story” by PUB (2020),  suggests that as the water demand for Singapore increases due to the population growth, there should be an implementation of a well organised water infrastructure. This would ensure that the water demand for the citizens, that may double by 2060, would be adequate and affordable.  There are key strategies that should be adopted in order to manage the water supply, which are; collect every drop of water, reuse water endlessly, desalinate seawater. Imported water, local catchments, NEWater and desalinated water are the national taps that provide the country with the supply of water. Even so, Singapore hopes to reduce the water consumption for households from 141 litres to 130 litres, and promote water conservation. As such, there is the programme that engages the community, which is called Active, Beautiful, Clean Waters (ABC Waters) to allow the citizens to have closer proximity with water, and learn to apprec...